JAVA OPERATORS

Java Operators Explained: A Complete Guide for Beginners

📘 Introduction

Operators are the foundation of Java programming. Whether you're performing mathematical operations, comparing values, or making decisions in your code — Java operators are essential tools in every Java developer’s toolkit.

🧮 Types of Java Operators

Java provides several categories of operators:

• Arithmetic Operators
• Relational (Comparison) Operators
• Logical Operators
• Assignment Operators
• Unary Operators
• Bitwise Operators
• Ternary Operator
• Instanceof Operator

🔢 1. Arithmetic Operators

Operator	Description	Example	Output
+	Addition	5 + 3	8
-	Subtraction	5 - 2	3
*	Multiplication	4 * 2	8
/	Division	10 / 2	5
%	Modulus	10 % 3	1

int a = 10, b = 3;
System.out.println("Addition: " + (a + b));

⚖️ 2. Relational (Comparison) Operators

Operator	Description	Example
==	Equal to	a == b
!=	Not equal to	a != b
>	Greater than	a > b
<	Less than	a < b
>=	Greater than or equal to	a >= b
<=	Less than or equal to	a <= b

int a = 5, b = 10;
System.out.println(a < b);  // true

🧠 3. Logical Operators

Operator	Description	Example
&&	Logical AND	a > 5 && b < 10
||	Logical OR	a > 5 || b < 5
!	Logical NOT	!(a > 5)

boolean result = (a > 5 && b < 10);

✍️ 4. Assignment Operators

Operator	Example	Equivalent To
=	a = 5	—
+=	a += 3	a = a + 3
-=	a -= 2	a = a - 2

int a = 10;
a += 5; // a = 15

➕ 5. Unary Operators

• +a: Unary plus
• -a: Unary minus
• ++a / a++: Increment
• --a / a--: Decrement
• !a: Logical NOT

⚙️ 6. Bitwise Operators

• &: Bitwise AND
• |: Bitwise OR
• ^: Bitwise XOR
• ~: Bitwise Complement
• <<: Left shift
• >>: Right shift

❓ 7. Ternary Operator

int a = 10, b = 20;
int max = (a > b) ? a : b;
System.out.println("Max: " + max);

🧬 8. instanceof Operator

String str = "Hello";
System.out.println(str instanceof String);  // true

🎯 Java Operators – Interview Questions

1. What is the difference between == and .equals() in Java?
2. How does the && operator differ from &?
3. Explain the use of the ternary operator with an example.
4. What is the output of 10 + 20 + "Java" in Java?
5. How do pre-increment (++a) and post-increment (a++) behave differently?
6. What are bitwise operators and when are they used?
7. Can the modulus operator (%) be used with floating-point numbers in Java?
8. What is the use of instanceof in Java?

📝 Conclusion

Java operators are essential tools for building logic and functionality in your applications. Understanding them deeply helps you write better, cleaner, and more efficient code.

💬 Comments Section

Join the Discussion

👇 What’s your experience with Java operators?

• Do you have a shortcut or tip to share?
• Stuck with an operator? Drop your code!
• Want help solving a logic problem?

Leave a comment below and let's learn together! 🧑‍💻